Basic Study Notes & Quiz ( Profit & Loss) Hindi

Profit & Loss

Profit and loss are the terms related to monetary transactions in trade and business. Whenever a purchased article is sold, then either profit is earned or loss is incurred.

Cost Price (CP) :This is the price at which an article is purchased or manufactured.

Selling Price (SP): This is the price at which an article is sold.

Profit (SP>CP) :When an article is sold at a price more than its cost price, then profit is earned.

Loss (CP>SP) :When an article is sold at a price lower than its cost price, then loss in incurred.

Note : Profit and loss always calculated on cost price.

Some Important Concept

1. If a person sells two similar articles, one at a gain of a% and another at a loss of a%, then the seller always incurrs a loss which is given by

Loss%=(a/10)^2 %

2. If a'th part of some items is sold at x% loss, then required gain per cent in selling rest of the items in order that there is neither gain nor loss in whole transaction, is (ax)/(1-a)%

Example 1: A medical store owner purchased medicines worth Rs. 6000 form a company. He sold 1/3 part of the medicine at 30% loss. On which gain he should sell his rest of the medicines, so that he has neither gain or loss?

Here a = 1/3 , x = 30 % 
Required gain % = (1/3*30)/(1-1/3) = 15 % 

3. If cost price of 'a' articles is equal to the selling price of 'b' articles, then profit percentage 
=(a-b)*100/b

4. If a dishonest trader professes to sell his items at CP but uses false weight, then 

Gain %=Error*100/(True Value-Error)

Gain%=(True weight-False weight)/(False weight) X100%

Example 2: A dishonest dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price but he uses a weight of 930 g for 1 kg weight. Find his gain per cent.
Gain % = 70*100/930

5.If a shopkeeper sells his goods at a% loss on cost price but uses b g instead of c g, then his profit or loss is [(100-a)(c/b)-100]% as sign positive or negative

Example 3:A dealer sells goods at 6% loss on cost price but uses  14 g instead of 16 g. What is his percentage profit or loss?

Here a = 6 % , b = 14 g and c = 16 g 

Required answer = [(100-6)(16/14)-100]% = 7(3/7) %

6. If a dealer sells his goods at a% profit on cost price and uses b% less weight, then his percentage profit  will be 

(b+a)/(100-b)X100%

Example 4: A dealer sells his goods at 20% loss on cost price but uses 40% less weight. What is his percentage profit  or loss?

Here a = 20 , b = 40
Required answer = (40 -20)*100/(100- 40) = 33(1/3) %

7. If 'a' part of an article is sold at x% profit/loss, 'b' part at y% profit/loss and c part at z%  profit/loss and finally there is a profit/lossof Rs.R, then Cost price of entire article
=RS.(R*100)/(ax+by+cz) 

Example 5: If 2/3 part of an article is sold at 30% profit, 1/4 part at 16% profit and remaining part at 12% profit and finally, there is a profit of Rs.75, then find the cost price of the article.

Here a = 2/3 , x = 30 % , b =1/4 , y = 16 % , z = 12 % and R = 75 Rs

Required CP of article = (75*100)/(2/3*30+1/4*16+1/12*12)  = 7500/25 = 300

1. आदेश ने कुल 25 मॉनिटर और प्रिंटर ख़रीदे| उसने मॉनिटर का क्रय मूल्य पर 20% चिन्हित किया जबकि प्रत्येक प्रिंटर को 2000 रुपए का चिन्हित किया| वह  75% मॉनिटर और प्रिंटर का विक्रय करने और 49000 रुपए लाभ कमाने के लिए सक्षम था| शेष मॉनिटर और 3 प्रिंटर उसके द्वारा नहीं बेचे जा सकते थे| यदि उसे बिना बेचे गए उत्पाद पर कोई रिटर्न नहीं मिलता और यह पहले से ज्ञात है कि एक प्रिंटर की कीमत एक मॉनिटर का 50% है तो उसे पूर्ण से हुई लाभ/हानि ज्ञात कीजिये? 

(a) 48,500 रुपए की हानि 

(b) 21,000 रुपए की हानि 

(c) 41,000 रुपए की हानि  

(d) आंकड़ें अपर्याप्त 

(e) इनमें से कोई नहीं 

2. एक रिक्शा डीलर 30 रिक्शा को 4725 रुपए में खरीदता है| उनमें, 8 चार सीटर और शेष दो सीटर हैं| उसे चार सीटर वाले रिक्शे को कितने मूल्य पर बेचना चाहिए जिससे यदि वह इस मूल्य के 3/4 पर दो सीटर बेचता है तो उसे उसके लागत पर 40% का लाभ प्राप्त  हो? 

(a) 180 रुपए 

(b) 270 रुपए 

(c) 360 रुपए 

(d) 450 रुपए 

(e) इनमें से कोई नहीं 

3. रितेश 25 वाशिंग मशीन और माइक्रोवेव ओवन 2,05,000 रुपए में खरीदता है| वह 80% वाशिंग मशीन और 12 माइक्रोवेव 40,000 रुपए के लाभ पर बेच देता है| प्रत्येक वाशिंग मशीन को 20% के अतिरिक्त मूल्य पर चिन्हित करता है और प्रत्येक माइक्रोवेव ओवन को 2000 रुपए के लाभ पर बेचता है| शेष वाशिंग मशीन और 3 माइक्रोवेव बेचे नहीं जा सकते| रितेश को हुई पूरी हानि/लाभ गया कीजिये?

(a)1000 लाभ 

(b) 2500 हानि 

(c) 1000 हानि 

(d) निर्धारित नहीं किया जा सकता 

(e) इनमें से कोई नहीं 

4. एक फ्लैट और एक जमीन का टुकड़ा दो मित्रों तरुण और वरुण द्वारा क्रमशः 2 लाख और 2.2 लाख रुपए में ख़रीदा जाता है| प्रति वर्ष फ्लैट के कीमत में  20% और जमीन की 10% वृद्धि होती है| दो वर्षों के बाद, वे आपस में अपनी संम्पत्ति बदल लेते हैं| लाभप्राप्तकर्ता का लाभ प्रतिशत लगभग कितना है?

(a) 7.56%

(b) 6.36%

(c) 4.39%

(d) 3.36%

(e) इनमें से कोई नहीं 

5. सुनील अपने लाभ प्रतिशत की गणना विक्रय मूल्य पर करता है जबकि सुजीत अपने लाभ की गणना क्रय मूल्य पर करता है| वे ज्ञात करते हैं कि उनके लाभ का अंतर 900 रुपए है| यदि उन दोनों का विक्रय मूल्य एक ही है और सुनील को 50% लाभ प्राप्त होता है और सुजीत को 40% लाभ प्राप्त होता है तो उनका क्रय मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये?

(a) 4200 रुपए 

(b) 4500 रुपए

(c) 4000 रुपए

(d) 4800 रुपए

(e) इनमें से कोई नहीं 

6. नमक के मूल्य में 10% की कटौती एक व्यक्ति को 2 किलो अधिक 180 रुपए में खरीदने के लिए सक्षम करती है| नमक में हुई कटौती और उसका वास्तविक मूल्य क्रमशः क्या होगा? 

(a) 10 रुपए, 9 रुपए 

(b) 9 रुपए , 10 रुपए 

(c) 18 रुपए, 20 रुपए

(d) 20 रुपए, 18 रुपए

(e) 18 रुपए, 16.2 रुपए

7. एक व्यक्ति पानी घड़ी को 24 रुपए में बेचता है| यदि उसे हुई हानि का प्रतिशत, लागत मूल्य के बराबर है तो घड़ी उसे कितने मूल्य में पड़ी?

(a) 40 रुपए

(b) 60 रुपए

(c) 50 रुपए

(d) 80 रुपए

(e) इनमें से कोई नहीं 

8. एक आदमी दो घोड़े 1550 रुपए में खरीदता है|  वह एक 23% हानि और अन्य को 27% लाभ के साथ बेचता है| पूरी लेनदेन में न उसे लाभ हुआ न हानि|  प्रत्येक घोड़े की कीमत क्या है? 

(a) 807,743

(b) 817,733

(c) 827,723

(d) 837,713

(e) इनमें से कोई नहीं 

9. एक संतरा विक्रेता संतरों को एक निर्धारित मूल्य पर बेचता है और 20% का लाभ अर्जित करता है| यदि वह प्रत्येक संतरे को 1.2 शुल्क बढ़ा कर बेचता है तो उसे 40% का लाभ होता है| वास्तविक मूल्य ज्ञात कीजिये जिस पर वे संतरे बेचता है?

(a) 3 रुपए 

(b) 12 रुपए 

(c) 4.8 रुपए

(d) 6.0 रुपए

(e) इनमें से कोई नहीं 

10. एक घड़ी बेचने के बाद, श्याम को यह पता चलता है कि उस 10% की हानि हुई है| उसे यह भी ज्ञात होता है कि यदि वह उसे 27 रुपए अधिक में बेचता तो उसे 5% का लाभ होता| यदि वह उसे 5% लाभ के साथ बेचता तो उसे अर्जित हुए लाभ का प्रारंभिक हानि वास्तव में कितना प्रतिशत था?

(a) 23%

(b) 150%

(c) 200%

(d) 180%

(e) इनमें से कोई नहीं

उत्तर
1. a
2. b
3. c
4. e  (8.189 approx. )
5. a
6. b
7. e (Either Rs 40 or Rs 60)
8. d
9. e (Rs. 3.60)
10. c

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Basic Study Notes & Quiz ( Profit & Loss)

Profit & Loss

Profit and loss are the terms related to monetary transactions in trade and business. Whenever a purchased article is sold, then either profit is earned or loss is incurred.

Cost Price (CP) :This is the price at which an article is purchased or manufactured.

Selling Price (SP): This is the price at which an article is sold.

Profit (SP>CP) :When an article is sold at a price more than its cost price, then profit is earned.

Loss (CP>SP) :When an article is sold at a price lower than its cost price, then loss in incurred.

Note : Profit and loss always calculated on cost price.

Some Important Concept

1. If a person sells two similar articles, one at a gain of a% and another at a loss of a%, then the seller always incurrs a loss which is given by

Loss%=(a/10)^2 %

2. If a'th part of some items is sold at x% loss, then required gain per cent in selling rest of the items in order that there is neither gain nor loss in whole transaction, is (ax)/(1-a)%

Example 1: A medical store owner purchased medicines worth Rs. 6000 form a company. He sold 1/3 part of the medicine at 30% loss. On which gain he should sell his rest of the medicines, so that he has neither gain or loss?

Here a = 1/3 , x = 30 % 
Required gain % = (1/3*30)/(1-1/3) = 15 % 

3. If cost price of 'a' articles is equal to the selling price of 'b' articles, then profit percentage 
=(a-b)*100/b

4. If a dishonest trader professes to sell his items at CP but uses false weight, then 

Gain %=Error*100/(True Value-Error)

Gain%=(True weight-False weight)/(False weight) X100%

Example 2: A dishonest dealer professes to sell his goods at cost price but he uses a weight of 930 g for 1 kg weight. Find his gain per cent.
Gain % = 70*100/930

5.If a shopkeeper sells his goods at a% loss on cost price but uses b g instead of c g, then his profit or loss is [(100-a)(c/b)-100]% as sign positive or negative

Example 3:A dealer sells goods at 6% loss on cost price but uses  14 g instead of 16 g. What is his percentage profit or loss?

Here a = 6 % , b = 14 g and c = 16 g 

Required answer = [(100-6)(16/14)-100]% = 7(3/7) %

6. If a dealer sells his goods at a% profit on cost price and uses b% less weight, then his percentage profit  will be 

(b+a)/(100-b)X100%

Example 4: A dealer sells his goods at 20% loss on cost price but uses 40% less weight. What is his percentage profit  or loss?

Here a = 20 , b = 40
Required answer = (40 -20)*100/(100- 40) = 33(1/3) %

7. If 'a' part of an article is sold at x% profit/loss, 'b' part at y% profit/loss and c part at z%  profit/loss and finally there is a profit/lossof Rs.R, then Cost price of entire article
=RS.(R*100)/(ax+by+cz) 

Example 5: If 2/3 part of an article is sold at 30% profit, 1/4 part at 16% profit and remaining part at 12% profit and finally, there is a profit of Rs.75, then find the cost price of the article.

Here a = 2/3 , x = 30 % , b =1/4 , y = 16 % , z = 12 % and R = 75 Rs

Required CP of article = (75*100)/(2/3*30+1/4*16+1/12*12)  = 7500/25 = 300

1. Aadesh bought a combined total of 25 monitors and printers. He marked up the monitors by 20% on CP while each printer was marked up by Rs. 2000. He was able to sell 75% of the monitors and 2 printers and make a profit of Rs. 49,000. The remaining monitors and 3 printers could not be sold by him. Find his overall profit or loss if he gets no return on unsold items and it is known that a printer costs 50% of a monitor.

(a) Loss of Rs. 48,500

(b) Loss of Rs. 21,000

(c) Loss of Rs. 41,000

(d) Data Inadequate

(e) None of these

2. A rickshaw dealer buys 30 rickshaws for Rs.4725. Of these, 8 are four seaters and rest are two seaters. At what price must he sell the four seaters so that if he sells the two seaters at 3/4th of this price, he makes a profit of 40% on his outlay.

(a) Rs. 180

(b) Rs. 270

(c) Rs. 360

(d) Rs. 450

(e) None of these

3. Ritesh bought 25 washing machines and microwave ovens for Rs. 2,05,000. He sold 80% of the washing machines and 12 microwaves ovens for a profit of Rs 40,000. Each washing machine was marked up by 20% over cost and each microwave oven was sold at a profit of Rs. 2,000. The remaining washing machines and 3 microwave ovens could not be sold. What is Raghav’s overall profit/loss?

(a) Rs. 1000 profit

(b) Rs. 2500 loss

(c) Rs. 1000 loss

(d) Cannot be determined

(e) None of these.

4. A flat and a piece of land were bought by two friends Tarun and Varun respectively at prices of Rs. 2Lakh and Rs. 2.2 Lakh. The price of the flat rises by 20% every year and that of land by 10% every year. After two years, they decided to exchange their possessions. What is approx. percentage gain of the gainer?

(a) 7.56%

(b) 6.36%

(c) 4.39%

(d) 3.36%

(e) None of these

5. Sunil calculates his profit percentage on the selling price whereas Sujeet calculates his profit on the cost price. They find that the difference of their profits is Rs. 900. If the selling price of both of them are the same, and Sunil gets 50% profit and Sujeet gets 40% profit, then find their selling price.

(a) Rs 4200

(b) Rs 4500

(c) Rs 4000

(d) Rs 4800

(e) None of these

6. A reduction of 10% in the price of salt enables a person to buy 2 kg more for Rs.180. Find the reduced and the original price per kg of salt respectively.

(a) Rs 10, Rs 9

(b) Rs 9, Rs 10

(c) Rs 18, Rs 20

(d) Rs 20, Rs 18

(e) Rs 18, Rs 16.2

7. A person sold his watch for Rs. 24. If the percentage of his loss was equal to the cost price , then the watch would have cost him

(a) Rs. 40

(b) Rs. 60

(c) Rs. 50

(d) Rs. 80

(e) None of these

8. A man buys two horses for Rs. 1550. He sells one so as to lose 23% and other so as to gain 27%. On the whole transaction he neither gains nor loses. What does each horse costs?

(a) 807,743

(b) 817,733

(c) 827,723

(d) 837,713

(e) None of these

9. An orange vendor makes a profit of 20% by selling oranges at a certain price. If he charges Rs. 1.2 higher per orange he would gain 40%. Find the original price at which he sold an orange.

(a) Rs. 3

(b) Rs. 12

(c) Rs. 4.8

(d) Rs. 6.0

(e) None of these

10. After selling a watch, shyam found that he had made a loss of 10%. He also found that had he sold it for Rs.27 more, he would have made a profit of 5%. the actual initial loss was what percentage of the profit earned,had he sold the watch for a 5% profit?

(a) 23%

(b) 150%

(c) 200%

(d) 180%

(e) None of these.

Answers & Explanation;

1. a
2. b
3. c
4. e  (8.189 approx. )
5. a
6. b
7. e (Either Rs 40 or Rs 60)
8. d
9. e (Rs. 3.60)
10. c

Explanation:

1.Total Number of printers = 5 (2 sold , 3 unsold)
Monitors = 20.
Profit made on Printers sold = 2000*2 = 4000.
Monitors sold = 20*75% = 15
Profit made on Monitors sold = 49000-4000 = Rs.45000.
Profit made per monitor = 45000/15 = 3000.
20% of CP of Monitor = 3000
CP of Monitor = 15000.
CP of Printer = 7500
Total CP = 15000*20 + 7500*5 = 3,37,500
Total SP = 18000*15 + 9500*2 = 2,89,000
Loss = 48,500 

2. Total investement = Rs. 4725
Total SP = 1.4*4725 = 6615
Now, Let the price of 4 seater be x then price of two seater will be .75x.
8x + 22*0.75x = 6615
24.5x= 6615 or x = 270

3.  Total number of Microwave ovens = 15 (12 sold +3 unsold)
Hence, Washing machines = 10
He sold 12 ovens and 8 washing machines
Hence, In total he sold 80% of both
Thus, He sells 80% of both at a profit of Rs. 40,000.
Cost of 80% of the goods = 0.8*2,05,000 = 1,64,000
Hence, Total SP = 1,64,000+40,000 = 2,04,000
CP = 2,05,000
Loss = Rs.1000

4. After 2 years :-
Flat would be worth = 2Lakh* 1.2*1.2 = Rs. 288000
Land would be worth= 2.2Lakh*1.1*1.1 = Rs. 266200
Profit of the Gainer = Rs. 21800
Profit % of the gainer = 21800*100/266200= 8.189(approx)
Also if loss% woudd have been asked of the loser
loss% = 21800*100/288000 = 7.56 (approx. )

5. Let SP be Rs. 100
CP for Sunil = => (SP-CP)*100/SP = 50
CP for Sunil ==> (100-CP)*100/100 = 50 or CP = Rs. 50
(Divided by SP as Profit calculated on SP)
Profit for Sunil = 100-50 = Rs 50
Now, CP for Sujeet = (SP-CP)*100/CP = 40
(100-CP)*100= 40CP or CP for Sujeet= Rs. 1000/14
Profit for Sujeet = 100-100/14 = 400/14
Now, Difference in profit when SP is 100 = 50-400/14 = 300/14.
Now, Equating difference and SP, we have
300/14 : 100 : : 900 : SP
SP = 900*100*14/300 = Rs. 4200

6 . Let originally he buy X kg for Rs. 180
Now, he will buy X+2 kg for Rs. 180.
Reduction in original price =10%
(180/X)/kg*90/100 = [180/(X+2)]/kg
90(X+2) = 100X
X = 18
Therefore, Originally he bought 18kg.
Original Price = Rs. 10/kg
Reduced Price = Rs. 9/kg

7. SP = Rs. 24
Let CP be X hence, Loss% = X
(X-SP)*100/X = X or (X-24)*100/X = X
X^2-100X+2400 = 0
(X-60)(X-40) = 0
X= 60 or 40

8. Let CP of one be X and other be Y
X+Y = 1550….(i)
ATQ:-
0.77X + 1.27Y = 1550…(ii) (as no profit and no loss is there)
Solving both, we get
50Y = 35650 or Y = 713
Hence, X = 1550-713 = 837
Therefore, CP of each horse = 837,713

9. Let the CP be Rs. x/ orange
Profit = 20%
SP = Rs. 1.20x
Now, If case :-
SP =x+ Rs.1.2
Profit = 40%
Therefore, we can say
1.40x = x+1.2 or x = Rs. 3
Hence, Original SP = Rs 1.2x = Rs. 3.60/-

10. Profit= 5% (If case )
5% of CP ------> Rs. 27
So, CP = Rs. 540
Now, Loss% = 10
Loss =Rs. 54
Required % = 54*100/27 = 200%

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Concept of Profit & Loss

Concept of Profit & Loss with Quiz

Dear Readers, here we are providing  some useful concept and tricks for Profit & Loss with concept clearing Quiz.Which can be very useful for SBI PO prelims,IBPS PO/Clerk, RBI Assistant,LIC ADO and many more  government sector upcoming exams .

Cost Price-The price at which an article is purchased is called its cost price (C.P.)

Selling Price-The price at which the article is sold is called its selling price (S.P.)

If the cost price (C.P.) of the article is equal to the selling price (S.P.), Then there is no loss or gain.

If the selling price (S.P.) > cost price (C.P.), then the seller is said to have a profit or gain,

Gain or Profit = S.P. - C.P.

If the cost price (C.P.) > selling price (S.P.), then the seller is said to have a loss,

Loss = C.P. - S.P.

Gain% = {Gain*100}/{C.P.}

Loss% = {Loss*100}/{C.P.}

S.P.= {(100+Gain%/100)x C.P}

S.P.= {(100-Loss%/100)x C.P}

C.P.= {(100)/(100+Gain%)x S.P}

C.P.= {(100)/(100-Loss%)x S.P}

If an article is sold at a profit/gain of 30%, then S.P. = 130% of the C.P.

If an article is sold at a loss of 20%, then S.P. = 80% of the C.P.

When there  are two successive Profit of x % and y % then the resultant profit  per cent is given by 

[x + y+ (x*y/100)]

If there is a Profit of  x% and loss of  y %  in a transaction, then the  resultant profit or loss% is given by

[x – y - (x*y/100)]

Note-  For profit use sign + in previous formula and for loss use – sign.

if resultant come + then there will be overall profit . if it come – then  there will be overall loss.

If a cost price of m articles is equal to  the selling Price of n articles, then Profit percentage 

(m-n)/n×100%

If  m part is sold  at x% profit , n part is sold at y % profit, and p part is sold at z% profit and  Rs. R is earned as overall profit  then the value of total consignment 

R×100 / (mx+ny+pz) 

A man purchases a certain no. of article at m a rupee and the same no. at n a rupee. He mixes them together  and sold them at p a rupee then his gain or loss %

[{2mn/(m+n)p} -1]× 100

Note += profit ,- = loss

When a person sells two similar items, one at a gain of say x%, and the other at a loss of x%, then in this transaction the seller always incurs a loss given by: = {x^2/100}%

A single discount equivalent to discount series of x% and y% given by the seller is equal to

(x +y - xy/100)%

If a seller marks his goods at x% above his cost price and allows purchasers a discount of y %  for cash,  then overall gain or loss 

(x – y –xy/100)% 

Profit or loss according to sign .+ = gain, - = loss

If a trader professes to sell his goods at cost price, but uses false weights, then 

Gain% = {(Error)/(True value - Error)x 100] %

 

 

Quiz Based on Concepts

1. 1/3 of a commodity is sold at 15% profit, ¼ is sold at 20% profit and the rest at 24% profit. If the Total profit is Rs. 80 is earned then find the value of commodity?

A) 350

B) 410

C) 400

D) 300
E) None of these

2. A man purchases a certain no. of apple at 5 per rupee and same no. at 4 per rupee. He mixes them together and sells them at 4 per rupee. What is  his gain or loss%?

A)  Gain 20 %

B)  Gain 11.11%

C) Loss 11.11%

D)  Loss 20 %
E) None of these

3. A trader allows a Discount of 5% for cash payment. How much approx % above cost price must he mark his goods to make a profit of 10%?

A) 8.9% 

B) 10%

C) 12.75%

D) 15.8%
E) None of these

4. If selling price is doubled, the profit triples. Find the profit percent?

A) 100%

B) 116.67%

C) 200%

D) 300%
E) None of these

5. The percentage profit earned by selling an article for Rs. 1920 is equal to the percentage loss incurred by selling the same article for Rs. 1280. At what price should the article be sold to make 25% profit?

A) 2200

B) 2400

C) 2500

D) 2000
E) None of these

6. Abhishek purchased 20 dozens of toys at the rate of Rs. 375 per dozen. He sold each one of them at the rate of Rs. 33. What was his percentage profit?

A) 5.4

B) 5.6

C) 6.5

D) 4.5
E) None of these

7. Some articles were bought at 6 articles for Rs. 5 and sold at 5 articles for Rs. 6. Gain percent is:

A) 33.33%

B) 66.66%

C) 44%

D) 50%
E) None of these

8. On selling 17 toys at Rs. 720, there is a loss equal to the cost price of 5 toys . The cost price of a Toy is:

A) Rs. 50

B) Rs. 60 

C) Rs. 65

D) Rs. 70
E) None of these

9. A shopkeeper sells some articles at the profit of 25% on the original price. What is the exact amount of profit? To find the answer, which of the following information given in Statements I and II is/are Sufficent?

I. Sale price of the article

II. Number of articles sold

A)Only I is sufficient.

B)Only II is sufficient.

C)Both I & II are sufficient.

D)Either I or II are sufficient.

E)Both I & II are not sufficient.

10. A man purchases 10 Cows at Rs. 3000 each. 1 Cow died. He sold 2 Cows at 5% loss, at what rate he should sale the remaining Cows, so as to gain a Profit of 10 % on the total Cost?

A) Rs.4000

B) Rs.3000 

C) Rs.3900

D) Rs. 4500

E) Rs. 4200

Answers

1). C

2). B

3). D

4). A

5). D

6). B

7). C

8). B

9). C

10).C

Explanation:

1. Part sold at 24% profit = 1-(1/3+1/4) = 5/12
 Value of commodity = (80×100) / (1/3*15+1/4*20+5/12*24)= 400

2. Gain or loss = [2*5*4/4(5+4) - 1] × 100 % = 11.11% 
Sign is + ive so gain 11.11% 

3. 10 = x-5 – 5x/100
19x/20 = 15; x=15.789% = approx 15.8%

4. Let C.P. be Rs. x and S.P. be Rs. y.
Then, 3(y - x) = (2y - x)     y = 2x.
Profit = Rs. (y - x) = Rs. (2x - x) = Rs. x.
So profit % =100%

5. Let CP is x.
Then   (1920-x)/x*100= (x-1280)/x*100
On solving x=1600
Selling Price = 1600*125/100= Rs. 2000

6. Cost price of 1 Toy = 375/12= 31.25
Selling price of 1 toy = Rs.33
Profit= Rs (33-31.25) =1.75
Profit% = 1.75/31.25*100= 5.6

7. Lcm of 5&6 =30
Cost price of 30 articles= 5/6*30 = 25
Selling Price of 30 articles = 6/5*30 =36
% profit = (36-25)/25*100= 44% 

8. Cost price of 17 toys – Selling price of 17 toys = cost Price  of 5 toys
Cost price of 12 toys = selling Price of 17 toys= 720
Cost price of 1 toy= 720/12= 60 

9. Both I & II are sufficient to find the exact amount of profit .

10. Selling Price With Profit of 10 %  of total cost = 3000*10*110/100= 33000
Selling Price of 2 cows with 5% loss= 6000*95/100= 5700
Difference = 33000-5700= 27300;
So rate of the cows for selling to gain 10% profit on total = 27300/7= Rs. 3900
(because 1 cow died so remaining= 10-1-2=7)

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